Through the year
Winter (December to February)
FWC lists winter as a best time for offshore grouper in Pinellas and Hillsborough waters, and kingfish as a fall and winter offshore fish here. UF/IFAS says red grouper move into shallower water as it cools. Grouper spawn from January to May (FWC). NOAA and the Gulf Council created Steamboat Lumps to protect spawning gatherings of gag and other reef fish near the 40-fathom line, and in 2021 closed it year-round to all fishing except for highly migratory species; The Edges closure was added in 2009 for the same reason. Hogfish are a winter and spring target, and the Florida Museum says blackfin tuna are most common off Florida in fall, winter and spring, usually seaward of the shelf.
Weather is the limit. The Coast Pilot says fronts can bring winds over 20 knots, now and then gales, with waves of 10 feet or more behind them. Sea fog is most common from December to early March, mostly ahead of a front on south to southwest winds, when warm, moist air moves over cool water. Plan around the gaps between fronts and check the buoys.
Spring (March to May)
Kingfish migrate north from South Florida in spring (FWC). Red grouper spawn in April and May, scamp in late spring, and vermilion snapper from April to September. FWC lists cobia as a spring-to-fall inshore and coastal fish here, so offshore they're a bonus around wrecks. Cold fronts keep coming through spring, and thunderstorm season starts in May. Florida sets the Gulf private-angler red snapper season for both state and federal waters, so check FWC's snapper page before you plan a snapper trip.
Summer (June to August)
FWC lists snapper as the summer offshore target here. Mangrove snapper spawn from June to August and red snapper from June to October (FWC); FWC says mangrove snapper caught offshore commonly run 8 to 10 pounds. UF/IFAS says most keeper red snapper are in 100 feet or more, which here means roughly 26 to 30 nautical miles out or farther; Treasure Island II sits at about 100 feet. Mahi cruise offshore weedlines (FWC), but off Tampa they're an occasional catch.
The Coast Pilot says thunderstorms come on 8 to 20 days a month from May through September, with July and August the busiest. Offshore they're most common in the evening and early morning as the land breeze sets up, and they can bring strong gusts, hail or waterspouts. Hurricane season runs June through November, and June and October have historically carried the most risk in the eastern Gulf.
Fall (September to November)
FWC lists late summer into early fall as the second best time for offshore grouper here. The short recreational seasons for gag and amberjack are set each year and have lately fallen around this time, so check FWC and NOAA before you go. Kingfish are a fall and winter offshore fish here. Red tide blooms happen almost every year, generally in late summer or early fall; FWC says they begin 11 to 46 miles offshore and can get strong enough to kill fish, so check the status map. Cold fronts start arriving again in fall.
How to fish it
Bottom fishing ledges, rock and wrecks for grouper
Fish over structure such as reefs, ledges and wrecks (UF/IFAS). Use live pinfish or grunts, or squid, octopus, shrimp, crab, or a jig head tipped with squid. Put the lead above the hook to get the bait to the bottom, then let it sit or move it slowly. UF/IFAS recommends stiff rods and heavy conventional reels with 60- to 80-pound braid and a mono leader in deep water, and reeling hard the moment a fish bites, because grouper dive straight back into the rocks. As an alternative for gag, UF/IFAS suggests trolling a diving plug, or a lure on a planer, over structured bottom.
Red snapper on bottom baits and slow-pitch jigs
UF/IFAS says the bigger red snapper claim the lowest structure and the smaller fish hold higher in the water. Fish shrimp, squid, or cut or small whole baitfish on a lead-above-hook rig, or slow-pitch a center-weighted jig and let it fall to the bottom on a slack line. FWC notes snapper also take soft-bodied jigs, bucktails and spoons. Use heavy conventional tackle with 60- to 80-pound braid and a mono leader.
Live-baiting amberjack over wrecks
FWC says anglers typically use 50- to 100-pound tackle and lively baits such as blue runners, pinfish, pigfish, grunts, cigar minnows or sand perch, with just enough lead to hold the bait in the middle of the water column above the reef. Fired-up amberjack also come up for topwater plugs, jigs, spoons and diving lures. Set your drag before you drop, because they're strong and don't quit.
Kingfish on live bait and lures
Kingfish eat small fish and squid and take both natural and artificial baits. Good live baits are pogies, herring, Spanish sardines, ballyhoo and mullet; good lures are flashy sub-surface lures or big fish-like plugs. Use 20-pound line or heavier with a wire or mono leader (FWC). Time trips for FWC's fall and winter window here and the spring run north.
Weedlines for mahi and wahoo
FWC suggests trolling ballyhoo rigged on #7 or #8 wire with a 7/0 or 8/0 hook along offshore weedlines, or lures, feathers or spoons. When one mahi is hooked, the rest of the school often stays close, and chumming cut bait can start a feeding frenzy. Wahoo are caught by trolling baits and lures on flatlines. There's no Tampa-specific data on either, so treat them as a bonus, more likely well offshore.
Deep-dropping the shelf edge
Golden tilefish live in burrows on mud and sand slopes from 250 to 1,500 feet (FWC). Off Tampa Bay that depth starts about 80 nautical miles due west of Egmont Key Light, and the 100-fathom curve is about 100 out, with depths passing 800 feet within about 10 more. It's a run of more than 100 nautical miles each way, so pick a settled weather window and keep a full fuel reserve. The shelf break is also where most sightings of the endangered Rice's whale have been: slow to 10 knots or less, keep a lookout and stay at least 100 yards away (NOAA).
Getting released fish back down
Fish pulled up from deeper than about 50 feet often suffer barotrauma (FWC), so every spot out here calls for a descending device. The federal rule describes one as a weighted hook, lip clamp or container with at least a 16-ounce weight and 60 feet of line that releases the fish at depth. Get released fish down quickly. Return 'Em Right offers free online training, and eligible Gulf reef fish anglers can get low-cost release gear through it.